Report writing for fundamental of computing (week 3)

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 On the third week of August we learned about Computers Network and Hardware essentials which is under topic B01 and 


  1. Topic BO1

Network Communication 

- Kilobit is one thousand bits.

-kbps(kilobit per second) or KBps(Kilobytes per second)

-K stands for 1024 and k stands for 1000

-Download speed and internet bandwidth depends on kbps (higher the kbps faster is the speed of the download)

Components of networks

hardware components need

-NIC provides connection between the computer and the network. It is like chip that helps computer to connect connect to the network.

-network medium can be air waves as in wireless and cable for NIC. 

- interconnecting device.


NIC

Components of networks
1. Software components
-network client and server 
Client server- request information stored from another device
Server software - allows device to share its resources.

- protocols meaning rules
-NIC driver forwards data to NIC(chip like)

Layers of Network communication process
1.user application
2.network software
3.network protocol
4.network interface

Broadcast IP address- message broadcasting for all the networks.

Network Terminology
-internetwork : networked collection of LANs(Local area network)
All LAN connected to router.
 

PAN(Personal area network): connects electronic device within the a users immediate area. example like air pods and wireless headphone.

LAN(local area network): collection of devices connected together in one physical location. it covers smaller area.
wireless LAN- router connecting many devices.

MAN(Metropolitan Area Networks)- collection of LAN and it covers larger are than LAN.

WAN(wide area networks)- covers larger area than MAN and WAN thus it is expensive.




Internet- world wide area./ public network
Intranet- private network
Extranet- limited access to internal resources by outside user.

Private IP address- for private networks.
IP address for private network (192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255) &(172.16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255) &(10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255)

difference between private and public IP address



# IP address can be only accessed through intranet not internet.
#same IP address for particular neatwork but deferent mac address.

what is packet?
- it is a smaller segment of larger message.
- have source an destination IP address

what is frames?
- packet with source and destination IP/ MAC address

* process of adding IP address and MAC address to chunks of data is called encapsulation.













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